Geographical situation of Tabriz

Tabriz being the capital of Eastern Azerbaijan is placed in 38^o 5' N in northwest of Iran and 48^o18' meridian of longitude and with approximate altitude of 1350 meter from sea level.

The weather of this city is cold and dry. The weather is constantly cold and nippy, relating to regional wind. Not only continental flow but also Siberia flows after passing coast of Khazar sea result in sever cold, storm and road obstruction in winter. Winter in Tabriz starts soon and ends late.

Raining condition of Tabriz in line with other parts of Azerbaijan is depend on air flow especially mass of wet Mediterranean air and vapor caused by cold air of Siberia and north, and differences of temperature between Uremia lake limit and establishment of Sahand mountain.

The average rainfall annually in Tabriz is 305 millimeter and raining is usually less during summer season. The maximum average temperature in Tir (Jun_ Jul) is 32^oC and least average in Dey (Dec- Jan) is 7.2^oC and maximum absolute is 42 degree and least absolute is 25^oC.

The number of freezing day was at most 155 days and at least 52 days with average 107 days.

The degree of evaporation sudation of region calculated 1733 millimeters.

Tabriz, which in urban hirer plays the role of mother city of Azerbaijan region in northwest of Iran, is the strategic throat of country in this area that has the main command of groups of cities and also directs the transport network from east to west.

It can be said that it was from time of constitution movement and formation of state and provincial association which nowadays municipality has been formed, although it was not centralized comparing with current situation with regard to spatial formation, spatial movement and rational polish.

Tabriz, which in some text mentioned as "doctor" (derives from "Tab_ riz" causing heat to flow) and those who had high fever relived by seeing Tabriz, has experienced changes during its lifetime history.

The Moguls and Ilkhans have occupied at times city. The poets, writers and educated people has vanished because of invasion of aliens and at times Tabriz is ruined and routed as a result of terrible earthquake but it has kept its identity and originality. While hopes of constitution movement allover Iran are lost as a result of ruling Totalir system, Tabriz with raising against self-integrated  system once more hoist the flag of zeal, courage, liberality and play the main role in  birth of Parliament  in Iran. In formation of constitution movement, presence of women is notified among them Zeynab Pasha Uncle Zeynedin's wife and shows the world that how zeal and honor is in each men and women of Azerbaijan especially Tabriz.

 Tabriz at times was well- known as city garden tulip garden, Ghraramalek, Baghmishe; Abrasan has especial appearance in morphology of city and in course of time, physical development of city has devoured the organism of recreational space and has ruined the old mother city form. From other side, Tabriz in its especial form in region and dominant geographical situation is one of the cities, which has the highest migration in region, so that from beginning of land reform in Iran increasing migration has been intensified.

Because of Macrocephal development, it has added to core parts of city. Nowadays Tabriz from zoning point is made of three core parts:

Bazar, Jamee mosque and Shariati crossroad was first core part and seat of Tabriz, Abrsan as a second core and commercial and recreative pole and third area is Nesferah which includes the population of around villages the Sofian, Marand, Azarshahr. With taking into consideration, that ecological fabric of city is semi- sector and existence of two natural factors Mehran Lake and Onebne Ali Mountain has hindered city from growing strong and becoming full sector like Hamadan.

These factors have made the direction physical development of city from west to east and east rib of the city became the area of development.

For this reason, agricultural morphology of villages located in eastern rib including FathAbad, Chavan, ShadAbad, Olya and Sofli, Yaghob Abad and Nemat Abad exposed to destruction, and it is probable that a result of speculative transaction of land that part of fertile land with fruitful gardens plundered by dealers of houses.

From other side considering statistical data and enumeration of population of households, population of Tabriz doubled during almost 25 years. Although with injection of medical and health services population growth decreased, but increasing intensity of unrestrained migration was influencing in increasing the population. From geographical situation a co- conurbation formed in region that includes three suburbs sardrod, Basmenj, Saeed Abad and some of satellite cities which all of them are depend on Tabriz  mother city has made the city to have multi center typology.

From one side existence of Tabriz University with oldness of several decades, Azad University, Payame- Nour University, Elmi- Karbordi University of Tabriz, which is rooted in 60 decades, made this city a University City. From other side existence of industrial and producing units like Iran Tractor, Machinery Manufacture, Tabriz Petrochemical Company, Tabriz Oil Refinery and private industrial parts like ANATA factory in north rib of Tabriz –Tehran road axis and Aidin factory and hundreds of manufacturing units which are placed in eastern, western and southwestern of rib have given the city industrial form.

It is obvious that such units play the main role in attraction of unemployed group of the city and around area. From other side we must own that Tabriz International Fair, Hotel Pars and Hotel Shahriar will be influencing in foreign tourist attraction.

With regard to discussed cases, we ca say that Tabriz is one of the most modern and favorable metropolis in Iran which have many historical and ancient sights and natural geographical scenes, and what's more interesting is the high population of it. Hundreds of historical sight and scenes are notarized in Tabriz and its surrounding. From other side Tabriz not only from internal structure but also in outside of region such as Bako, Iravn, and Nakhjavan metro poles had better zone of influence.

It can be said that Tabriz had such a desired Micro kelima that we can rarely see in other geographical zones. A breeze at the morning and at the night attracts each person. During recent years especially 70 decades and after that vast change has taken place in structure of city. Several and operation of northern highways had changed the form of city in contrast to previous decades. Mother City of Tabriz now surrounded by the northern and southern highways and in inside Chay kenar axis and middle belt play the main role in decreasing the city traffic. From other side during recent years in despite of cutting the trees because of intensity of house building it is added to recreational space. With modern planning in future, Tabriz will be one of the most successful cities in world and region. Like the Gavan Jo which with population of 6.8 million populations with repairs done has gained its beautiful form.

Tabriz should be the bride of Middle East; this is practical and feasible. However, it requires time, trying and planning. Tabriz can change into the commercial and tourist pole of country and it can present the message of identity. Tabriz like other metro poles of country suffers from about 400 thousand slum that placed in northern and southern rib of the Onebne Ali slop.

The vast split between north and south put Tabriz into trouble that is the result of geographical fatalism and ecologic separation. We will rebuild Tabriz and crystallize its ugly form with modern morphology. From physical development 8 regions is established by central municipality and urban management has done with these regions and 15 other organization. The central municipality settled in a building with especial architecture in Saat square and it takes the charge of commanding the works. It is predicted that with city development and increasing the population of city which has known as a city that has high rate of immigration during next years it will be added to the number of these region and Sardrod, Basmenj suburbs became independent and separated region of Tabriz.